Money Talks: The Story of Israel as Told by Banknotes
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We handle money nearly every day. But how much do we really know about our banknotes? Which president is on the $50 bill? Which banknote showcases the White House? Which one includes the Statue of Liberty torch? Banknotes can be examined and deciphered to understand the history and politics of any nation.
Having changed eight times since its establishment, Israel’s banknotes offer an especially interesting opportunity to explore the history of the Jewish state. The story of Israeli banknotes is not just a story of wear and inflation. Like street names, stamps or coins, banknotes have symbolic, political, and commemorative significance—a reminder of our history, every time we open our wallet.
MONEY TALKS
Israeli currency has ranged from rural landscapes and idyllic figures, to images of a great nation, politicians and key figures, and more recently showcasing poets. Israeli currency features places, key historic events, flora, symbols and words reminding us how mainstream ideology interprets history, creates a national identity, supports the foundational myths, and shapes emerging national narratives.
We invite you to examine, discern, and be inspired by the stories these banknotes tell us. You'll find, as we did, that indeed, Money Talks.
For supporting visuals and bank notes, please click here.
Below are excerpts from Money Talks, created in partnership with Jewish LearningWorks.
A History of Israeli Banknotes
Banknotes and coins are both a means of payment and a symbol of sovereignty. As the Fathers of the Yishuv (Jewish settlements in Eretz Israel) engaged in establishing, and naming, the new state, they confronted the matter of currency. They had to decide what would be printed on their banknotes and where they would print them.
The banknotes could not be printed in the land itself. The British Mandate had not yet expired, and they lacked the technical expertise. At the same time, it was clear that no reputable foreign firm would print money for a nonexistent state. After considerable effort, Mr. S. Hoofien, then Chairman of the Board of the Anglo-Palestine Bank, persuaded the American Banknote Company of New York to print the notes.
To avoid the need for State Department approval for printing banknotes of a foreign country, the notes as ordered gave no indication of their being legal tender. The legend “Legal tender for payment of any amount” was subsequently added. In addition, the company stipulated that its name should not appear on the notes.
The design of the banknotes was based on different combinations of guilloches (a decorative engraving technique in which a very precise intricate repetitive pattern or design is mechanically engraved into an underlying material with fine detail) in the company’s stock, some of which were used for printing banknotes for China. When the banknotes were ordered, no one yet knew what the name of the new state would be, let alone its currency. It was therefore decided to print “Palestine Pound” on the notes, the currency of the mandate.
However, it states in Hebrew only “One Eretz Yisraeli Lira” (Lira E.Y. achat) and similarly for all other denominations.
The banknotes reached the country secretly in July 1948. On August 17, the government passed a law declaring the notes legal tender, and they were put into circulation on the following day.
Activity One
Deep Dive and Share Out
- Invite students to brainstorm (on paper) everything they know about Israel.
- Encourage students to take turns sharing their responses with the class in a collective brainstorm session. Write all the responses down.
- Divide the class into groups – based on a criterion or randomly.
- Pass out photocopies of banknotes (from the same series or from different series) along with a worksheet with questions. Use these bullet points below or create your own questions. Using the worksheet as a guide, encourage students to examine the notes thoroughly for every detail.
In what way is the note different from US currency?
Who or what is pictured?
What are the symbols?
What is the denomination / amount?
What is on the back side?
Is there a connection between the front and back?
What colors do you see and what might they mean?
How would you describe the design? Is it old fashioned or modern?
What are some of the security features? (watermark, microprint, etc.)
How is Israel portrayed through this note?
- Pass out printed excerpts corresponding to each of the banknotes. Have students read them to further their understanding of what they examined.
- Invite students to share their banknote and findings.
- Hold a class discussion: What do you know now that you didn’t know before you examined the notes?
Activity Two
Deepen the Discussion
Now that your learners have seen and deciphered several banknotes, invite a deeper discussion:
What are the connections among the banknotes in a series?
What are the connections among banknotes across series?
How do images on a single banknote relate to one another?
Is there significance to colors chosen for the notes?
In what way are the themes and design of each series a reflection on the times?
Activity Three
Designing a New Israeli Banknote
Use art to deepen learning and to encourage creativity.
- Select materials (can be pens, pencils, paper, drawing software, recycled materials etc.) Challenge learners to design a banknote that features several elements:
Denomination / Amount
Name of currency in Hebrew and English
Israel in Hebrew and English
Color
An impactful or historical character and images that relate to that person
Symbols of the state
Patterns
Security features
Create your own feature
- Guide learner reflection by asking the following questions:
Which denomination is your banknote?
Which noteworthy person did you choose and why?
Which other images and symbols appear on your note and why?
What color/s did you choose and why?
What stands out on your banknote?
How are the front and the back connected?
What information about Israel does your note reveal?
- Have learners write reflections and create an exhibit /gallery of banknotes and learners’ written reflections.
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